Pere e ntle e hloka sale e ntle 'me e sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa mochini oa CNC. Haeba ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa tse fosahetseng, ho ke ke ha e-ba le thuso! Ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ea lisebelisoa ho na le tšusumetso e kholo bophelong ba ts'ebeletso ea lisebelisoa, ts'ebetso e sebetsang hantle, boleng ba ts'ebetso le litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso. Sengoliloeng sena se fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e sebetsang mabapi le tsebo ea thipa, e bokelle le ho e fetisetsa, a re ithuteng hammoho.
Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa li lokela ho ba le thepa ea motheo
Khetho ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa e na le tšusumetso e kholo bophelong ba lisebelisoa, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso, boleng ba ts'ebetso le litšenyehelo tsa ho sebetsa. Lisebelisoa li tlameha ho mamella khatello e phahameng, mocheso o phahameng, khohlano, tšusumetso le ho thothomela ha seha. Ka hona, lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa li lokela ho ba le litšobotsi tse latelang tsa motheo:
(1) Ho thatafala le ho itoanela. Ho thatafala ha lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa ho tlameha ho ba holimo ho feta ho thatafala ha lisebelisoa tsa mosebetsi, tseo ka kakaretso li hlokehang ho ba ka holimo ho 60HRC. Ho phahama ho thata ha lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa, ho molemo ho hanyetsa ho apara.
(2) Matla le ho tiea. Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa li lokela ho ba le matla a phahameng le ho tiea ho mamella matla a ho itšeha, tšusumetso le ho thothomela, le ho thibela ho robeha ha brittle le ho phunyeha ha sesebelisoa.
(3) Ho hanyetsa mocheso. Sesebelisoa se na le ho hanyetsa mocheso hantle, se khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng oa ho itšeha, 'me se na le khanyetso e ntle ea oxidation.
(4) Ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso le moruo. Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa li lokela ho ba le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho forging, ts'ebetso ea kalafo ea mocheso, ts'ebetso ea welding; ts'ebetso ea ho sila, joalo-joalo, 'me e lokela ho latela karo-karolelano ea theko e phahameng ea ts'ebetso.
Mefuta, thepa, litšoaneleho le tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa
1. Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa daemane
Taemane ke allotrope ea carbon 'me ke ntho e thata ka ho fetisisa e fumanoang tlhahong. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka daemane li na le boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho apara ho phahameng le ho tsamaisa mocheso o phahameng, 'me li sebelisoa haholo ha ho etsoa litšepe tse se nang ferrous le lisebelisoa tse se nang tšepe. Haholo-holo ka ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng la aluminium le silicon-aluminium alloys, lisebelisoa tsa daemane ke mofuta o ka sehloohong oa lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tseo ho leng thata ho li nkela sebaka. Lisebelisoa tsa daemane tse ka fihlelang katleho e phahameng, botsitso bo phahameng, le bophelo bo bolelele ba ts'ebeletso ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa le tsa bohlokoa mecheng ea sejoale-joale ea CNC.
⑴ Mefuta ea lisebelisoa tsa litaemane
① Lisebelisoa tsa daemane tsa tlhaho: Litaemane tsa tlhaho li 'nile tsa sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka makholo a lilemo. Lisebelisoa tsa daemane tsa kristale tsa tlhaho li entsoe hantle ho etsa hore bohale bo be bohale haholo. Radius ea ho itšeha e ka fihla ho 0.002μm, e ka fihlelang ho itšeha haholo. E khona ho sebetsana le ho nepahala ha sesebediswa sa mosebetsi se phahameng haholo le bokgopo bo tlase haholo. Ke sesebelisoa sa machining se tsebahalang, se loketseng ebile se ke keng sa nkeloa sebaka.
② Lisebelisoa tsa ho seha litaemane tsa PCD: Litaemane tsa tlhaho li theko e boima. Taemane e sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa ha ho etsoa ho itšeha ke polycrystalline diamond (PCD). Ho tloha mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1970, daemane ea polycrystalline (taemane ea Polycrystauine, e bitsoang li-blades tsa PCD) e lokiselitsoeng ho sebelisa theknoloji e phahameng ea mocheso le khatello e phahameng ea khatello e entsoeng. Ka mor'a katleho ea eona, lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tsa ho itšeha taemane li nkeloe sebaka ke daemane ea maiketsetso ea polycrystalline ka makhetlo a mangata. Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa PCD li na le mehloli e mengata, 'me theko ea tsona ke karolo ea leshome feela ea taemane ea tlhaho. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa PCD li ke ke tsa theoa ho hlahisa lisebelisoa tse bohale haholo. Boleng ba bokaholimo ba moeli oa ho itšeha le sesebelisoa se sebetsitsoeng ha se hantle joalo ka daemane ea tlhaho. Ha e so be bonolo ho etsa li-blade tsa PCD tse nang le li-chip breaker indastering. Ka hona, PCD e ka sebelisoa feela bakeng sa ho itšeha ka mokhoa o nepahetseng oa litšepe tse se nang ferrous le tse se nang tšepe, 'me ho thata ho fihlella ho itšeha ka mokhoa o nepahetseng haholo. Ho itšeha ka seipone ka nepo.
③ Lisebelisoa tsa ho seha litaemane tsa CVD: Ho tloha bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1970 ho isa mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1980, theknoloji ea litaemane ea CVD e hlahile Japane. Taemane ea CVD e bua ka tšebeliso ea mouoane oa lik'hemik'hale (CVD) ho kopanya filimi ea daemane holim'a matrix a sa tšoaneng (joaloka carbide e entsoeng ka samente, lirafshoa, joalo-joalo). Taemane ea CVD e na le sebopeho le litšobotsi tse tšoanang hantle le taemane ea tlhaho. Ts'ebetso ea daemane ea CVD e haufi haholo le ea daemane ea tlhaho. E na le melemo ea daemane e le 'ngoe ea kristale ea tlhaho le daemane ea polycrystalline (PCD), mme e hlola mefokolo ea bona ho isa bohōleng bo itseng.
⑵ Litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa daemane
① Ho thatafala ka ho fetelletseng le ho se mamelle: Taemane ea tlhaho ke ntho e thata ka ho fetisisa e fumanoang tlhahong. Diamond e na le khanyetso e phahameng haholo ea ho apara. Ha o sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse thata haholo, bophelo ba lisebelisoa tsa daemane ke makhetlo a 10 ho isa ho a 100 ho feta a lisebelisoa tsa carbide, kapa esita le makhetlo a makholo.
② E na le coefficient e tlase haholo ea likhohlano: Khokahano ea likhohlano lipakeng tsa daemane le litšepe tse ling tse se nang ferrous e tlase ho feta lisebelisoa tse ling tsa ho itšeha. Coefficient ea likhohlano e tlase, deformation nakong ea ts'ebetso e nyane, 'me matla a ho itšeha a ka fokotsoa.
③ Moeli o sehang o bohale haholo: Karolo e sehang ea sesebelisoa sa daemane e ka siloa ka bohale haholo. Sesebelisoa sa daemane sa kristale se le seng sa tlhaho se ka ba holimo ho 0.002 ~ 0.008μm, se ka etsang ho itšeha haholo le ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng haholo.
④ Ts'ebetso e phahameng ea mocheso: Taemane e na le conductivity e phahameng ea mocheso le mocheso oa mocheso, kahoo mocheso oa ho khaola o qhaloa habonolo 'me mocheso oa karolo ea ho itšeha ea sesebelisoa o tlaase.
⑤ E na le coefficient e tlase ea katoloso ea mocheso: Coefficient ea katoloso ea mocheso ea daemane e nyane ka makhetlo a 'maloa ho feta ea carbide e entsoeng ka samente,' me phetoho ea boholo ba sesebelisoa e bakoang ke mocheso o fokolang e nyane haholo, e bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa machining a nepahetseng le a holimo-limo. e hloka ho nepahala ha maemo a holimo.
⑶ Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa litaemane
Lisebelisoa tsa daemane li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho seha hantle le ho tena litšepe tse se nang ferrous le lisebelisoa tse se nang tšepe ka lebelo le phahameng. E loketse bakeng sa ho sebetsana le mefuta e fapaneng ea litšepe tse sa sebetseng, joalo ka likheo tsa tšepe tsa fiberglass phofo, lisebelisoa tsa ceramic, jj.; mefuta e fapaneng ea litšepe tse sa fereheng, tse kang li-alloys tse fapaneng tsa silicon-aluminium; le ho qeta ho sebetsa ha litšepe tse sa tšoaneng tse se nang ferrous.
Bothata ba lisebelisoa tsa daemane ke hore li na le botsitso bo futsanehileng ba mocheso. Ha mocheso oa ho itšeha o feta 700 ℃ ~ 800 ℃, ba tla lahleheloa ke boima ba bona ka ho feletseng. Ho phaella moo, ha li tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho seha litšepe tse nang le tšepe hobane taemane (khabone) e arabela habonolo ka tšepe ka mocheso o phahameng. Ketso ea athomo e fetola liathomo tsa k'habone hore e be sebopeho sa graphite, 'me sesebelisoa se senyeha habonolo.
2. Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa cubic boron nitride
Cubic boron nitride (CBN), thepa ea bobeli e thata haholo e entsoeng ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le tlhahiso ea litaemane, ke ea bobeli ho daemane ho latela boima le conductivity ea mocheso. E na le botsitso bo botle ba mocheso 'me e ka futhumatsoa ho 10,000C sepakapakeng. Ha ho na oxidation e etsahalang. CBN e na le lik'hemik'hale tse tsitsitseng haholo bakeng sa litšepe tse nang le tšepe 'me e ka sebelisoa haholo ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tsa tšepe.
⑴ Mefuta ea lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa cubic boron nitride
Cubic boron nitride (CBN) ke ntho e seng teng ka tlhaho. E arotsoe ka kristale e le 'ngoe le polycrystalline, e leng CBN single crystal le polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (Polycrystalline cubic bornnitride, PCBN ka nako e khutšoanyane). CBN ke e 'ngoe ea li-allotropes tsa boron nitride (BN) mme e na le sebopeho se ts'oanang le taemane.
PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) ke thepa ea polycrystalline eo ho eona lisebelisoa tse ntle tsa CBN li sintered hammoho ka mekhahlelo e tlamang (TiC, TiN, Al, Ti, joalo-joalo) tlas'a mocheso o phahameng le khatello. Hajoale ke thepa ea bobeli e thata ka ho fetisisa e entsoeng ka maiketsetso. Lisebelisoa tsa daemane, hammoho le taemane, ka kakaretso li bitsoa superhard tool material. PCBN e sebelisoa haholo ho etsa lithipa kapa lisebelisoa tse ling.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa PCBN li ka aroloa ka li-blades tse tiileng tsa PCBN le li-blades tse kopantsoeng tsa PCBN tse sintered ka carbide.
Li-blades tse kopantsoeng tsa PCBN li entsoe ka ho kenya lera la PCBN le botenya ba 0.5 ho isa ho 1.0mm holim'a carbide e entsoeng ka samente e nang le matla a matle le boima. Ts'ebetso ea eona e kopanya boima bo botle le boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho apara. E rarolla mathata a matla a ho kobeha a tlase le welding e thata ea li-blade tsa CBN.
⑵ Thepa ea mantlha le litšobotsi tsa li-cubic boron nitride
Leha boima ba li-cubic boron nitride bo le tlase hanyane ho feta taemane, bo phahame haholo ho feta lisebelisoa tse ling tse thata haholo. Monyetla o hlahelletseng oa CBN ke hore botsitso ba eona ba mocheso bo phahame haholo ho feta daemane, bo fihla mocheso ho feta 1200 ° C (taemane ke 700-800 ° C). Molemo o mong o hlahelletseng ke hore ha e kenelle ka lik'hemik'hale 'me ha e sebetse ka tšepe ho 1200-1300 ° C. karabelo. Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong tsa ts'ebetso ea cubic boron nitride ke tse latelang.
① Ho thatafala ho hoholo le ho hanyetsa: Sebopeho sa kristale sa CBN se ts'oana le taemane, 'me se na le thata le matla a tšoanang le taemane. PCBN e loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse thata haholo tse neng li ka siloa pele, 'me li ka fumana boleng bo holimo ba sefahleho sa workpiece.
② Botsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso: Ho hanyetsa mocheso oa CBN ho ka fihla 1400 ~ 1500 ℃, hoo e batlang e le makhetlo a 1 ho feta mocheso oa daemane (700 ~ 800 ℃). Lisebelisoa tsa PCBN li ka khaola li-alloys tse phahameng tsa mocheso le tšepe e thata ka lebelo le phahameng ka makhetlo a 3 ho isa ho a 5 ho feta lisebelisoa tsa carbide.
③ Botsitso bo botle ba lik'hemik'hale: Ha e na tšebelisano ea lik'hemik'hale le lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ka tšepe ho fihlela ho 1200-1300 ° C, 'me e ke ke ea apara ka thata joaloka daemane. Ka nako ena, e ntse e ka boloka boima ba carbide e entsoeng ka samente; Lisebelisoa tsa PCBN li loketse ho seha tšepe e tingoeng Likarolo le tšepe ea tšepe e pholileng, e ka sebelisoa haholo ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng la tšepe ea tšepe.
④ Ts'ebetso e ntle ea mocheso: Le hoja mocheso oa mocheso oa CBN o sa khone ho tsamaisana le daemane, mocheso oa mocheso oa PCBN har'a lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa ke oa bobeli ho daemane, 'me o phahame haholo ho feta tšepe e phahameng le carbide e entsoeng ka samente.
⑤ E na le coefficient e fokolang ea likhohlano: Motsoako o fokolang oa likhohlano o ka lebisa ho fokotseha ha matla a ho itšeha nakong ea ho itšeha, ho fokotsa mocheso oa ho itšeha, le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sebaka se entsoeng ka mochine.
⑶ Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa cubic boron nitride
Cubic boron nitride e loketse ho qeta lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse thata ho seha tse kang tšepe e tingoeng, tšepe e thata, li-alloys tse nang le mocheso o phahameng, carbide e entsoeng ka samente le lisebelisoa tsa ho fafatsa holim'a metsi. Ho nepahala ha ts'ebetso ho ka fihla IT5 (sekoti ke IT6), 'me boleng ba holimo bo ka ba bonyenyane joaloka Ra1.25 ~ 0.20μm.
Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa cubic boron nitride li na le boima bo fokolang le matla a ho kobeha. Ka hona, lisebelisoa tsa ho fetola li-cubic boron nitride ha li tšoanelehe bakeng sa machining a thata ka lebelo le tlase le meroalo e matla; ka nako e ts'oanang, ha li tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho seha lisebelisoa tse nang le polasetiki e phahameng (tse kang li-alloys tsa aluminium, li-alloys tsa koporo, li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho nickel, litšepe tse nang le polasetiki e phahameng, joalo-joalo), hobane ho khaola likarolo tsena tse tebileng tse hahiloeng ho tla etsahala ha u sebetsa. ka tšepe, ho senyeha ha bokaholimo bo entsoeng ka mochini.
3. lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa ceramic
Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic li na le litšobotsi tsa boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle, ho hanyetsa mocheso o babatsehang le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, 'me ha ho bonolo ho tlamahane le tšepe. Lisebelisoa tsa ceramic li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo ho machining a CNC. Lisebelisoa tsa ceramic li fetohile e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng le ho sebetsana le thepa e thata ho ea mochine. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic li sebelisoa haholo ka ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng, ho itšeha ka mokhoa o omileng, ho kuta ka thata le ho seha thepa e thata ea mochini. Lisebelisoa tsa ceramic li ka sebetsana ka katleho le lisebelisoa tse phahameng tse thata tseo lisebelisoa tsa setso li ke keng tsa li sebetsana ho hang, li lemoha "ho reteleha ho e-na le ho sila"; lebelo le nepahetseng la ho itšeha ea lisebelisoa tsa ceramic e ka ba makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 10 ho feta a lisebelisoa tsa carbide, ka hona, e ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea tlhahiso. ; Lisebelisoa tse tala tse sebelisoang lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa ceramic ke lintho tse ngata ka ho fetisisa karolong e ka holimo ea lefatše. Ka hona, nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa ceramic li bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho sebetsa, le ho boloka litšepe tsa bohlokoa tsa maano. E tla boela e khothaletse haholo nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea ho itšeha. tsoelopele.
⑴ Mefuta ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa ceramic
Mefuta ea lisebelisoa tsa ceramic ka kakaretso e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro: lirafshoa tse thehiloeng ho alumina, lirafshoa tse thehiloeng ho silicon nitride, le lirafshoa tse entsoeng ka silicon nitride-alumina. Har'a tsona, lisebelisoa tsa ceramic tse thehiloeng ho alumina le silicon nitride ke tsona tse sebelisoang haholo. Ts'ebetso ea li-ceramics tse thehiloeng ho silicon nitride e phahametse ea lirafshoa tse thehiloeng ho alumina.
⑵ Ts'ebetso le litšobotsi tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic
① Boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle: Le hoja boima ba lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic ha bo phahamele PCD le PCBN, bo phahame haholo ho feta ba carbide le lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng, ho fihla ho 93-95HRA. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic li ka sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse thata tse thata ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho itšeha 'me li loketse ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng le ho itšeha ka thata.
② Ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa mocheso o motle: Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic li ntse li ka khaola mocheso o phahameng ka holimo ho 1200 ° C. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic li na le lisebelisoa tse ntle tsa mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa ceramic tsa A12O3 li na le khanyetso e ntle haholo ea oxidation. Esita le haeba moeli oa ho itšeha o le boemong bo bofubelu bo chesang, o ka sebelisoa kamehla. Ka hona, lisebelisoa tsa ceramic li ka finyella ho khaola ho omileng, kahoo ho felisa tlhokahalo ea ho itšeha metsi.
③ Botsitso bo botle ba lik'hemik'hale: Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic ha li bonolo ho tlamahanngoa le tšepe, 'me ha li na kutu ebile li na le botsitso bo botle ba lik'hemik'hale, tse ka fokotsang ho roala maqhama a lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha.
④ Coefficient e tlase ea likhohlano: Kamano lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa ceramic le tšepe e nyane, 'me coefficient ea likhohlano e tlase, e ka fokotsang matla a ho itšeha le mocheso oa ho itšeha.
⑶ Lithipa tsa Ceramic li na le lisebelisoa
Li-ceramics ke e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa ho qeta ka lebelo le phahameng le ho qeta halofo. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic li loketse ho seha litšepe tse fapaneng tse entsoeng ka tšepe (tšepe e bohlooho, tšepe ea ductile, tšepe e ka tšeptjoang, tšepe e pholileng, tšepe e phahameng ea alloy) le lisebelisoa tsa tšepe (tšepe e entsoeng ka carbon, tšepe e entsoeng ka motsoako, tšepe e matla haholo, tšepe e phahameng ea manganese, tšepe e tingoeng joalo-joalo), e ka boela ea sebelisoa ho seha li-alloys tsa koporo, graphite, polasetiki ea boenjiniere le lisebelisoa tse kopaneng.
Thepa ea thepa ea lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic e na le mathata a matla a tlase a ho kobeha le ho ba le tšusumetso e mpe, ho etsa hore li se ke tsa tšoaneleha bakeng sa ho itšeha ka lebelo le tlase le tlas'a meroalo e matla.
4. Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng
Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ke e 'ngoe ea litsela tsa bohlokoa tsa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa. Ho hlaha ha lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng ho tlisitse katleho e kholo ts'ebetsong ea ho itšeha ea lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha. Lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li koahetsoe ka karolo e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta ea metsoako ea refractory e nang le khanyetso e ntle ea ho apara 'meleng oa sesebelisoa ka thata e ntle. E kopanya matrix ea sesebelisoa le ho roala ka thata, ka hona ho ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea sesebelisoa. Lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso, ho ntlafatsa ho nepahala ha ts'ebetso, ho lelefatsa bophelo ba ts'ebeletso ea lisebelisoa, le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso.
Hoo e ka bang 80% ea lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tse sebelisoang lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa mochini oa CNC li sebelisa lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng. Lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng e tla ba lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa lefapheng la machining CNC nakong e tlang.
⑴ Mefuta ea lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng
Ho ea ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho roala, lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng ke mouoane oa lik'hemik'hale (CVD) le lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng ke mouoane oa 'mele (PVD). Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tse koahetsoeng ka carbide hangata li sebelisa mokhoa oa ho beha mouoane oa lik'hemik'hale, 'me mocheso o ka bang 1000 ° C. Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse koahetsoeng ka lebelo le phahameng hangata li sebelisa mokhoa oa ho beha mouoane, 'me mocheso oa ho bea o haufi le 500°C;
Ho ea ka lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng, lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng ka carbide, lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng ka tšepe tse lebelo le holimo, le lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng ka lirafshoa le lisebelisoa tse thata haholo (taemane le cubic boron nitride).
Ho ea ka thepa ea thepa ea ho roala, lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli, e leng lisebelisoa tse "thata" tse koahetsoeng le lisebelisoa tse "bonolo". Lipakane tse ka sehloohong tse phehelloang ke lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng ka "thata" ke boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho roala Melemo ea eona e ka sehloohong ke boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle, hangata liphahlo tsa TiC le TiN. Sepheo se phehelloang ke lisebelisoa tsa "bonolo" tsa ho roala ke coefficient e fokolang ea likhohlano, e tsejoang hape e le lisebelisoa tsa ho itlotsa, tse ferekaneng le lisebelisoa tsa mosebetsi Coefficient e tlase haholo, e ka bang 0.1 feela, e ka fokotsang ho khomarela, ho fokotsa likhohlano le ho fokotsa ho itšeha. matla le mocheso o sehang.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka Nanocoating (Nanoeoating) li sa tsoa etsoa. Lisebelisoa tse joalo tse koahetsoeng li ka sebelisa metsoako e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa ho roala (tse kang tšepe / tšepe, tšepe / ceramic, ceramic / ceramic, joalo-joalo) ho finyella litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso. Li-nano-coatings tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o nepahetseng li ka etsa hore lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa li be le mesebetsi e babatsehang ea ho fokotsa likhohlano le tse khahlanong le ho apara le thepa ea ho itlotsa, e leng se etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng.
⑵ Litšobotsi tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tse koahetsoeng
① Ts'ebetso e ntle ea mochini le ho itšeha: Lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li kopanya thepa e ntle ea motheo le thepa ea ho roala. Ha ba boloke feela boima bo botle le matla a phahameng a thepa ea motheo, empa hape ba na le boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho apara ho phahameng le coefficient e tlaase ea Friction. Ka hona, lebelo la ho itšeha la lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li ka eketsoa ka makhetlo a fetang 2 ho feta lisebelisoa tse sa koaeloang, 'me litefiso tse phahameng tsa lijo li lumelloa. Bophelo ba lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng bo boetse bo ntlafala.
② Ho feto-fetoha ho matla: Lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng 'me li holisa haholo mefuta ea ts'ebetso. Sesebelisoa se le seng se koahetsoeng se ka nka sebaka sa lisebelisoa tse 'maloa tse sa koahetsoeng.
③ Botenya ba ho roala: Ha botenya ba ho roala bo ntse bo eketseha, bophelo ba sesebelisoa le bona bo tla eketseha, empa ha botenya ba ho roala bo fihla ho tlala, bophelo ba sesebelisoa ha bo sa tla hlola bo eketseha haholo. Ha ho roala ho le boima haholo, ho tla baka habonolo peeling; ha ho roala ho le tšesaane haholo, ho hanyetsa ho apara ho tla fokola.
④ Regrindability: Li-blades tse koahetsoeng li na le ts'ebetso e fokolang, lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng tsa ho roala, litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso, le nako e telele ea ho roala.
⑤ Lisebelisoa tsa ho roala: Lisebelisoa tse nang le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho roala li na le ts'ebetso e fapaneng ea ho itšeha. Ka mohlala: ha u khaola ka lebelo le tlaase, ho roala ha TiC ho na le melemo; ha seha ka lebelo le phahameng, TiN e loketse haholoanyane.
⑶Ho sebelisoa ha lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tse koahetsoeng
Lisebelisoa tse koahetsoeng li na le bokhoni bo boholo tšimong ea machining ea CNC 'me e tla ba lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa lefapheng la machining CNC nakong e tlang. Theknoloji ea ho roala e 'nile ea sebelisoa ho li-mill, li-reamers, li-doll bits, lisebelisoa tsa ho lokisa masoba tse kopantsoeng, li-gear hobs, li-gear shaper cutters, li-gear cutters, li-broaches le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse kentsoeng ka mochine ho finyella litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng. Litlhoko tsa lisebelisoa tse kang tšepe le tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe, li-alloys tse sa keneleng mocheso le litšepe tse se nang ferrous.
5. Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa Carbide
Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa Carbide, haholo-holo lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa carbide, ke tsona lihlahisoa tse etellang pele tsa lisebelisoa tsa mochini tsa CNC. Ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1980, mefuta e fapaneng ea lithulusi tsa ho itšeha tsa carbide kapa tse kentsoeng li ekelitsoe ho mefuta e fapaneng. Mefuta e fapaneng ea lithulusi tsa ho itšeha, moo lisebelisoa tsa carbide li atolositsoeng ho tloha ho lithulusi tse bonolo tsa ho fetola le li-cutter tsa sefahleho ho ea libakeng tse fapaneng tse nepahetseng, tse rarahaneng le tsa ho etsa lisebelisoa.
⑴ Mefuta ea lisebelisoa tsa ho seha carbide
Ho latela sebopeho sa mantlha sa lik'hemik'hale, carbide e entsoeng ka samente e ka aroloa ka carbide e entsoeng ka samente e thehiloeng ho tungsten carbide le titanium carbon (nitride) (TiC (N)) e thehiloeng carbide e entsoeng ka samente.
Tungsten carbide-based samente carbide e kenyelletsa mefuta e meraro: tungsten cobalt (YG), tungsten cobalt titanium (YT), le carbide e sa tloaelehang e ekelitsoeng (YW). E 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le melemo le melemo ea eona. Likarolo tse kholo ke tungsten carbide (WC) le titanium carbide. (TiC), tantalum carbide (TaC), niobium carbide (NbC), joalo-joalo Mokhahlelo oa tšepe o sebelisoang hangata ke Co.
Titanium carbon (nitride)-based cemented carbide ke carbide e entsoeng ka samente e nang le TiC e le karolo ea mantlha (ba bang ba eketsa li-carbide tse ling kapa nitrides). Mekhahlelo ea tšepe e sebelisoang hangata ke Mo le Ni.
ISO (Mokhatlo oa Machabeng oa Boemo) o arola li-carbide ka mekhahlelo e meraro:
Sehlopha sa K, ho kenyeletsoa Kl0 ~ K40, se lekana le sehlopha sa YG sa naha ea heso (karolo e kholo ke WC.Co).
P, ho kenyeletsoa P01 ~ P50, e lekana le sehlopha sa YT sa naha ea heso (karolo e kholo ke WC.TiC.Co).
Sehlopha sa M, se kenyeletsang M10~M40, se lekana le sehlopha sa YW sa naha ea heso (karolo e kholo ke WC-TiC-TaC(NbC)-Co).
Mophato o mong le o mong o emela letoto la li-alloys ho tloha ho boima bo phahameng ho isa ho boima bo boholo ka palo e lipakeng tsa 01 le 50.
⑵ Litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha carbide
① Boima bo phahameng: Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tsa carbide li entsoe ka li-carbide tse thata haholo le ntlha ea ho qhibiliha (e bitsoang "hard phase) le li-binders tsa tšepe (tse bitsoang bonding phase) ka metallurgy ea phofo, e nang le boima ba 89 ho isa ho 93HRA. , e phahame haholo ho feta tshepe e lebelo le phahameng. Ho 5400C, boima bo ntse bo ka fihla ho 82 ~ 87HRA, e tšoanang le ho thatafala ha tšepe e phahameng ka mocheso oa kamore (83 ~ 86HRA). Boleng ba boima ba carbide e entsoeng ka samente bo fetoha le tlhaho, bongata, boholo ba likaroloana tsa carbides le likahare tsa karolo ea tšepe ea tšepe, 'me ka kakaretso bo fokotseha ka ho eketseha ha litaba tsa karolo ea tšepe ea ho kopanya. Ha litaba tsa karolo ea binder li tšoana, boima ba li-alloys tsa YT bo phahame ho feta li-alloys tsa YG, 'me li-alloys tse kentsoeng ka TaC (NbC) li na le boima bo phahameng ba mocheso o phahameng.
② Matla a ho kobeha le ho tiea: Matla a kobehang a carbide e sebelisoang hangata a maemong a 900 ho isa ho 1500MPa. Ha karolo ea tšepe e kopanyang e phahame, matla a flexural a phahame. Ha litaba tsa binder li tšoana, matla a mofuta oa YG (WC-Co) alloy a phahame ho feta a alloy ea mofuta oa YT (WC-TiC-Co), 'me ha litaba tsa TiC li ntse li eketseha, matla a fokotseha. Carbide e entsoeng ka samente ke thepa e brittle, 'me ho tiea ha eona mocheso oa kamore ke 1/30 ho 1/8 feela ea tšepe e lebelo le phahameng.
⑶ Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang hangata ho seha carbide
Li-alloys tsa YG li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho lokisa tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe, litšepe tse se nang ferrous le lisebelisoa tse seng tsa tšepe. Carbide e entsoeng ka letsoho e entsoeng hantle (e kang YG3X, YG6X) e na le boima bo phahameng le ho roala ho hanyetsa ho feta carbide e bohareng e nang le cobalt e tšoanang. E loketse ho sebetsana le tšepe e khethehileng e thata, tšepe e sa jeleng ea austenitic, alloy e thibelang mocheso, alloy ea Titanium, boronse e thata le lisebelisoa tse thibelang mocheso, joalo-joalo.
Melemo e hlahelletseng ea mofuta oa YT e entsoeng ka samente carbide ke boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa mocheso o motle, boima bo phahameng le matla a hatellang mocheso o phahameng ho feta mofuta oa YG, le khanyetso e ntle ea oxidation. Ka hona, ha thipa e hlokahala hore e be le mocheso o phahameng oa ho hanyetsa le ho apara ho hanyetsa, kereiti e nang le litaba tse phahameng tsa TiC e lokela ho khethoa. Li-alloys tsa YT li loketse ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tsa polasetiki tse kang tšepe, empa ha lia lokela ho sebetsana le li-alloys tsa titanium le lisebelisoa tsa silicon-aluminium.
YW alloy e na le thepa ea li-alloys tsa YG le YT, 'me e na le thepa e ntle e akaretsang. E ka sebelisoa ho sebetsana le tšepe, tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe le litšepe tse se nang ferrous. Haeba dikahare tsa cobalt tsa mofuta ona oa alloy li eketsoa ka nepo, matla a ka ba a phahameng haholo mme a ka sebelisoa bakeng sa machining a thata le ho seha ho sitisoa ha lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse thata ho mochini.
6. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng
High Speed Steel (HSS) ke tšepe e nang le alloy e phahameng e eketsang lisebelisoa tse ling tse kang W, Mo, Cr, le V. Lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng li na le ts'ebetso e phethahetseng e felletseng mabapi le matla, boima le ts'ebetso. Lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng tsa ho itšeha, haholo-holo tse nang le libopeho tse rarahaneng tsa lehare tse kang lisebelisoa tsa ho lokisa likoti, li-milling cutters, lisebelisoa tsa ho roala, lisebelisoa tsa broaching, lisebelisoa tsa ho seha li-gear, joalo-joalo, tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng e ntse e sebelisoa. ho nka boemo bo ka sehloohong. Lithipa tsa tšepe tse lebelo le holimo li bonolo ho leotsa ho hlahisa likarolo tse hlabang tse sehang.
Ho ea ka litšebeliso tse fapaneng, tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng e ka aroloa ka tšepe e tloaelehileng ea lebelo le phahameng le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea lebelo le phahameng.
⑴ Lisebelisoa tsa ho seha tšepe tsa lebelo le holimo tsa sepheo se akaretsang
Morero o akaretsang tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng. Ka kakaretso, e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: tungsten tšepe le tungsten-molybdenum tšepe. Mofuta ona oa tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng o na le 0.7% ho 0.9% (C). Ho ea ka mefuta e fapaneng ea tungsten ka har'a tšepe, e ka aroloa ka tšepe ea tungsten e nang le W content ea 12% kapa 18%, tungsten-molybdenum e nang le W content ea 6% kapa 8%, le molybdenum e nang le W content. ea 2% kapa che W. . Tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng ka kakaretso e na le boima bo itseng (63-66HRC) le ho hanyetsa ho roala, matla a phahameng le ho tiea, polasetiki e ntle le theknoloji ea ho sebetsa, kahoo e sebelisoa haholo ho etsa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse rarahaneng.
① Tungsten tšepe: Mokhahlelo o tloaelehileng oa tšepe ea tungsten ea lebelo le phahameng ka kakaretso ke W18Cr4V, (e bitsoang W18). E na le ts'ebetso e ntle ka kakaretso. Ho thatafala ha mocheso o phahameng ho 6000C ke 48.5HRC, 'me ho ka sebelisoa ho etsa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse rarahaneng. E na le melemo ea ho sila hantle le kutloisiso e tlase ea decarburization, empa ka lebaka la litaba tsa eona tse phahameng tsa carbide, kabo e sa lekaneng, likaroloana tse kholo, le matla a tlase le boima.
② Tungsten-molybdenum tšepe: e bua ka tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng e fumanoeng ka ho nkela karolo ea tungsten ka tšepe ea tungsten ka molybdenum. Mofuta o tloaelehileng oa tšepe ea tungsten-molybdenum ke W6Mo5Cr4V2, (e bitsoang M2). Likaroloana tsa carbide tsa M2 li ntle ebile li tšoana, 'me matla a eona, ho tiea le polasetiki e phahameng ea mocheso li molemo ho feta tsa W18Cr4V. Mofuta o mong oa tšepe ea tungsten-molybdenum ke W9Mo3Cr4V (W9 ka nako e khutšoanyane). Botsitso ba eona ba mocheso bo phahame hanyane ho feta tšepe ea M2, matla a eona a ho koba le ho tiea ho feta W6M05Cr4V2, 'me e na le ts'ebetso e ntle.
⑵ Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse sebetsang ka lebelo le phahameng
Tšepe e sebetsang ka lebelo le phahameng e bolela mofuta o mocha oa tšepe o eketsang khabone, boleng ba vanadium, le likarolo tsa alloying joalo ka Co le Al ho sebopeho sa tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng, ka tsela eo e ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mocheso le ho se mamelle. . Haholo-holo ho na le lihlopha tse latelang:
① tšepe e phahameng ea carbon high speed. Tšepe e phahameng ea carbon high-speed (e kang 95W18Cr4V) e na le bothata bo phahameng mocheso oa kamore le mocheso o phahameng. E loketse ho etsa le ho sebetsana le tšepe e tloaelehileng le tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe, likotoana tsa ho cheka, li-reamer, lipompo le li-cutter tse nang le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ho hanyetsa, kapa lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsana le thepa e thata haholoanyane. Ha e loketse ho mamella litlamorao tse kholo.
② tšepe e phahameng ea vanadium e phahameng. Limaraka tse tloaelehileng, tse kang W12Cr4V4Mo, (tseo ho thoeng ke EV4), li na le V content e eketsehile ho 3% ho 5%, e na le khanyetso e ntle ea ho apara, 'me e loketse bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha tse bakang lisebelisoa tse kholo, tse kang likhoele, rabara e thata, polasetiki. , joalo-joalo, 'me e ka boela ea sebelisoa bakeng sa ho sebetsana le Lisebelisoa tse kang tšepe e sa hloekang, tšepe e matla le li-alloys tse phahameng tsa mocheso.
③ Cobalt tšepe e lebelo le phahameng. Ke tšepe e nang le cobalt e nang le super-hard high-speed steel. Limaraka tse tloaelehileng, joalo ka W2Mo9Cr4VCo8, (e bitsoang M42), li na le boima bo phahameng haholo. Boima ba eona bo ka fihla ho 69-70HRC. E loketse ho sebetsana le litšepe tse thata-thata tse thibelang mocheso, li-alloys tse phahameng tsa mocheso, li-alloys tsa titanium, joalo-joalo Lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsa: M42 e na le ho sila hantle 'me e loketse ho etsa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng le tse rarahaneng, empa ha e tšoanelehe. bakeng sa ho sebetsa tlas'a maemo a ho khaola.
④ Aluminium lebelo le phahameng la tšepe. Ke tšepe e nang le aluminium e nang le super-hard high-speed steel. Limaraka tse tloaelehileng ke, mohlala, W6Mo5Cr4V2Al, (e bitsoang 501). Ho thatafala ha mocheso o phahameng ho 6000C le hona ho fihla ho 54HRC. Ts'ebetso ea ho itšeha e lekana le M42. E loketse ho etsa li-milling cutters, li-drill bits, reamers, li-gear cutters le li-broaches. joalo-joalo, e sebelisetsoang ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse kang tšepe ea alloy, tšepe e sa hloekang, tšepe e matla le li-alloys tse phahameng tsa mocheso.
⑤ Naetrojene e matla ka ho fetesisa ka lebelo le phahameng. Limaraka tse tloaelehileng, joalo ka W12M03Cr4V3N, eo ho thoeng ke (V3N), ke litšepe tse nang le naetrojene tse matla haholo tse lebelo le phahameng. Ho thatafala, matla, le ho tiea li lekana le M42. Li ka sebelisoa e le sebaka sa litšepe tse nang le cobalt tse nang le lebelo le phahameng 'me li sebelisetsoa ho itšeha ka lebelo le tlaase la thepa e thata ho ea mochine le litšepe tse tlaase, tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa. ho sebetsa.
⑶ Ho qhibilihisa tšepe ea lebelo le holimo le tšepe ea phofo ea lebelo le holimo
Ho latela mekhoa e fapaneng ea tlhahiso, tšepe e lebelo le phahameng e ka aroloa ka tšepe e qhibilihang ka lebelo le phahameng le tšepe ea phofo e phahameng ka lebelo.
① Ho qhibiliha tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng: Litšepe tse tloaelehileng tsa lebelo le phahameng le tse sebetsang hantle haholo li entsoe ka mekhoa ea ho qhibilihisa. Li etsoa lithipa ka mekhoa e kang ho qhibilihisa, ho etsa li-ingot casting, le ho pola le ho phuthoa. Bothata bo tebileng bo hlahang habonolo ha ho qhibiliha tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng ke ho arohana ha carbide. Li-carbide tse thata le tse brittle li ajoa ka mokhoa o sa lekanyetsoang ka tšepe e lebelo le phahameng, 'me lijo-thollo li mahoashe (ho fihla ho li-microns tse ngata), tse amang ho hanyetsa le ho tiea ha lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse lebelo le phahameng. le ho ama hampe ts'ebetso ea ho itšeha.
② Powder metallurgy high-speed steel (PM HSS): Powder metallurgy high-speed steel (PM HSS) ke tšepe e metsi e qhibidihang ka seboping sa induction sa maqhubu a phahameng, se nang le argon e phahameng kapa naetrojene e hloekileng, ebe e tima ho fumana. likristale tse ntle le tse tšoanang. Sebopeho (phofo ea tšepe e phahameng ka lebelo), ebe o tobetsa phofo e hlahisoang ka thipa e se nang letho tlas'a mocheso o phahameng le khatello e phahameng, kapa pele u etsa billet ea tšepe ebe u e qhekella le ho e phutha hore e be sebopeho sa thipa. Ha ho bapisoa le tšepe e phahameng e entsoeng ka mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha, PM HSS e na le melemo ea hore lijo-thollo tsa carbide li ntle ebile li lekana, 'me matla, ho tiea le ho hanyetsa ho apara li ntlafala haholo ha li bapisoa le tšepe e qhibilihisitsoeng ka lebelo le phahameng. Lefapheng la lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng tsa CNC, lisebelisoa tsa PM HSS li tla tsoela pele ho nts'etsapele le ho nka maemo a bohlokoa. Limaraka tse tloaelehileng, tse kang F15, FR71, GFl, GF2, GF3, PT1, PVN, joalo-joalo, li ka sebelisoa ho etsa lisebelisoa tse kholo, tse boima, tse nang le phello e phahameng, hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka mokhoa o nepahetseng.
Melao-motheo ea Khetho ea Lisebelisoa tsa CNC Tool
Hona joale, lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa CNC tse sebelisoang haholo-holo li kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa daemane, lisebelisoa tsa li-cubic boron nitride, lisebelisoa tsa ceramic, lithulusi tse koahetsoeng, lisebelisoa tsa carbide, lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse phahameng, joalo-joalo Ho na le lihlopha tse ngata tsa lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa, 'me thepa ea bona e fapana haholo. Tafole e latelang e bonts'a matšoao a mantlha a ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa.
Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa bakeng sa mochini oa CNC li tlameha ho khethoa ho latela sebopeho sa mosebetsi se ntseng se sebetsoa le mofuta oa ts'ebetso. Khetho ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa e lokela ho lumellana ka mokhoa o utloahalang le ntho ea ho sebetsa. Ho nyallana ha lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha le lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsa haholo-holo ho bolela ho ts'oara thepa ea mochini, thepa ea 'mele le lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa bobeli ho fumana bophelo bo bolelele ba lisebelisoa le tlhahiso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa.
1. Ho bapisa thepa ea mechine ea ho seha lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa le lintho tsa ho sebetsa
Bothata ba ho lumellana le thepa ea mochine oa sesebelisoa sa ho itšeha le ntho ea ho sebetsa haholo-holo e bua ka ho lumellana ha lisebelisoa tsa thepa ea mochine tse kang matla, boima le boima ba sesebelisoa le thepa ea mosebetsi. Lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tse nang le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa mochini li loketse ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa mosebetsi.
① Taelo ea boima ba lisebelisoa ke: sesebelisoa sa daemane> cubic boron nitride tool>ceramic tool>tungsten carbide>high speed steel.
② Taelo ea matla a ho koba ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa ke: tšepe e lebelo le phahameng> carbide e entsoeng ka samente> lisebelisoa tsa ceramic> lisebelisoa tsa taemane le li-cubic boron nitride.
③ Taelo ea ho tiea ha lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa ke: tšepe ea lebelo le phahameng> tungsten carbide> cubic boron nitride, daemane le lisebelisoa tsa ceramic.
Lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsa tse thata haholo li tlameha ho sebetsoa ka lisebelisoa tse thata haholo. Ho thatafala ha lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa ho tlameha ho ba holimo ho feta ho thatafala ha lisebelisoa tsa mosebetsi, tseo ka kakaretso li hlokehang ho ba ka holimo ho 60HRC. Ha boima ba lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa bo phahame, ho molemo hore ho be le khanyetso ea ho apara. Ka mohlala, ha lihlahisoa tsa cobalt ka carbide e entsoeng ka samente e eketseha, matla a eona le ho tiea hoa eketseha 'me boima ba eona bo fokotseha, e leng se etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho sebetsa ka thata; ha litaba tsa cobalt li fokotseha, ho thatafala ha eona le ho apara ho hanyetsa ho eketseha, ho etsa hore e loketse ho qeta.
Lisebelisoa tse nang le mekhoa e metle ea mechine e phahameng ea mocheso li loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng. Ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea mocheso o phahameng oa lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka ceramic e ba nolofalletsa ho khaola ka lebelo le phahameng, 'me lebelo le lumelletsoeng la ho itšeha le ka ba makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a 10 ho feta a carbide e entsoeng ka samente.
2. Ho bapisa thepa ea 'mele ea lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha le ntho e entsoeng ka mochine
Lisebelisoa tse nang le thepa e fapaneng ea 'mele, tse kang lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse lebelo le phahameng tse nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso le sebaka se tlaase sa ho qhibiliha, lisebelisoa tsa ceramic tse nang le ntlha e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha le ho atolosoa ha mocheso o tlaase, lisebelisoa tsa daemane tse nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso le katoloso e tlaase ea mocheso, joalo-joalo. ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa workpiece. Ha ho sebetsoa li-workpieces tse nang le conductivity e mpe ea mocheso, lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tse nang le conductivity e ntle ea mocheso li lokela ho sebelisoa e le hore mocheso oa ho itšeha o ka fetisoa kapele mme mocheso oa ho itšeha o ka fokotsoa. Ka lebaka la conductivity ea eona e phahameng ea mocheso le ho fapana ha mocheso, taemane e ka qhala mocheso habonolo ntle le ho baka deformation e kholo ea mocheso, e leng bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng tsa machining tse hlokang ho nepahala ho phahameng.
① Mocheso oa ho hanyetsa mocheso oa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa: lisebelisoa tsa daemane ke 700 ~ 8000C, lisebelisoa tsa PCBN ke 13000 ~ 15000C, lisebelisoa tsa ceramic ke 1100 ~ 12000C, TiC (N)-based cemented carbide ke 900 ~ 11000C, WC-based ultra-based. lijo-thollo Carbide ke 800~9000C, HSS ke 600~7000C.
② Taelo ea ho tsamaisa mocheso oa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa: PCD> PCBN> WC-based cemented carbide> TiC(N)-based cemented carbide>HSS>Si3N4-based ceramics> A1203-based ceramics.
③ Taelo ea li-coefficients tsa katoloso ea mocheso ea lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa ke: HSS>WC-based cemented carbide>TiC(N)>A1203-based ceramic>PCBN>Si3N4-based ceramic>PCD.
④ Taelo ea ho hanyetsa mocheso oa mocheso oa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa ke: HSS> WC-based cemented carbide> Si3N4-based ceramics>PCBN>PCD>TiC(N)-based cemented carbide> A1203-based ceramics.
3. Ho bapisa lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha le ntho e entsoeng ka mochine
Bothata ba ho tsamaisana le thepa ea lik'hemik'hale ea lisebelisoa tsa ho seha lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsa haholo-holo li bua ka ho lumellana ha likarolo tsa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale tse kang lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale, lik'hemik'hale, ho hasana le ho qhibiliha ha lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa mosebetsi. Lisebelisoa tse nang le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li loketse ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa mosebetsi.
① Ho hanyetsa mocheso o kopanyang oa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa (ka tšepe) ke: PCBN>ceramic>tungsten carbide> HSS.
② Mocheso oa ho hanyetsa oxidation oa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa ke: ceramic> PCBN> tungsten carbide> diamond> HSS.
③ Matla a phallo ea lisebelisoa (bakeng sa tšepe) ke: daemane> Si3N4-based ceramics>PCBN> A1203-based ceramics. The diffusion intensity (bakeng sa titanium) ke: A1203-based ceramic>PCBN>SiC>Si3N4>diamond.
4. Khetho e utloahalang ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa CNC
Ka kakaretso, PCBN, lisebelisoa tsa ceramic, carbide e koahetsoeng le lisebelisoa tsa carbide tse thehiloeng ho TiCN li loketse ho sebetsa ha CNC ea tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe e kang tšepe; ha lisebelisoa tsa PCD li loketse lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse se nang ferrous tse kang Al, Mg, Cu le li-alloys tsa tsona le Ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tse se nang tšepe. Tafole e ka tlase e thathamisa tse ling tsa lisebelisoa tsa workpiece tseo lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tse ka holimo li loketseng ho sebetsa.
Lisebelisoa tsa Xinfa CNC li na le litšobotsi tsa boleng bo botle le theko e tlase. Ho fumana lintlha, ka kopo etela:
Baetsi ba Lisebelisoa tsa CNC - Feme ea Lisebelisoa tsa CNC ea China le Bafani (xinfatools.com)
Nako ea poso: Nov-01-2023
