Metsoalle e ratehang ea litšepe, ts'ebetso ea ho cheselletsa motlakase eo le e etsang e ka kenyelletsa likotsi tsa mosi oa tšepe, likotsi tse kotsi tsa khase, le likotsi tsa mahlaseli a arc light nakong ea mosebetsi oa hau. Ke tlameha ho u tsebisa ka mabaka a kotsi le mehato ea thibelo!
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1. Likotsi tsa mosebetsi tsa ho cheseletsa motlakase
(1) Likotsi tsa mosi oa tšepe:
Sebopeho sa mosi oa welding se fapana ho latela mofuta oa molamu oa welding o sebelisitsoeng. Nakong ea ho cheselletsa, ho ntša arc ho hlahisa mocheso o phahameng oa 4000 ho isa ho 6000 ° C. Ha ho ntse ho qhibiliha molamu oa welding le weldment, ho hlahisoa mosi o mongata, oo haholo-holo o entsoeng ka tšepe ea oxide, manganese oxide, silica, silicate, joalo-joalo. ka matšoafong.
Ho hema ka nako e telele ho ka baka diso tsa fibrous matshwafong, tse bitswang welder's pneumoconiosis, mme hangata di tsamaisana le mathata a kang chefo ya manganese, fluorosis le metal fume fever.
Bakuli ba haholo-holo ba na le matšoao a ho hema a kang ho tiea ha sefuba, bohloko ba sefuba, ho hema ka thata, le ho khohlela, ho tsamaisana le hlooho e opang, bofokoli bo akaretsang le matšoao a mang. Mosebetsi oa matšoafo oa qi o boetse o senyehile ho isa tekanyong e itseng.
(2) Likotsi tsa likhase tse kotsi:
Tlas'a ketso ea mocheso o phahameng le mahlaseli a matla a ultraviolet a hlahisoang ke arc welding, likhase tse ngata tse kotsi, tse kang oxides nitrogen, carbon monoxide, ozone, joalo-joalo, li tla hlahisoa ho potoloha sebaka sa arc.
Ha palo e kholo ea hemoglobin e kopana le carbon monoxide, oksijene e lahleheloa ke monyetla oa ho kopana le hemoglobin, e bakang litšitiso ho matla a 'mele a ho tsamaisa le ho sebelisa oksijene, e leng se etsang hore lisele tsa motho li shoe ka lebaka la khaello ea oksijene.
(3) Likotsi tsa mahlaseli a arc:
Leseli la arc le hlahisoang ke welding haholo-holo le kenyelletsa mahlaseli a infrared, leseli le bonahalang le mahlaseli a ultraviolet. Har'a bona, mahlaseli a ultraviolet a lematsa 'mele oa motho haholo-holo ka liphello tsa photochemical. E senya mahlo le letlalo le pepeneneng, e baka keratoconjunctivitis (photoophthalmia) le letlalo la biliary erythema.
Matšoao a mantlha a kenyelletsa bohloko ba mahlo, ho taboha, bofubelu ba mahlo le ho hlaba. Ka mor'a ho pepesehela mahlaseli a kotsi, letlalo le ka 'na la bonahala eka ke edematous erythema e nang le meeli e hlakileng. Maemong a boima, li-blister, exudate le edema li ka 'na tsa hlaha, hammoho le maikutlo a hlakileng a tukang.
2. Liphello tse kotsi tsa welding ea motlakase
1. Batho ba qetileng nako e telele ba etsa welding ea motlakase ba na le kotsi e kholo ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la pneumoconiosis.
2. Likhase tse kotsi li ka 'na tsa hema nakong ea ts'ebetso, tsa sokela bophelo ba batho esita le bophelo.
3. Ts'ebetso ea welding ea motlakase e ka baka keratoconjunctivitis habonolo (electrophotophthalmia) le letlalo la biliary erythema.
3. Litlhokomelo
(1) Ntlafatsa theknoloji ea welding le ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetso le lisebelisoa tsa welding
Ka ho ntlafatsa theknoloji ea welding, re ka fokotsa kotsi 'meleng oa motho e bakoang ke ts'ebetso ea li-welding. Kaha boholo ba likotsi tse bakoang ke tjheseletsa li amana le ho hlophisoa ha li-electrode barting, ho khetha li-electrode tse se nang chefo kapa tse nang le chefo e tlaase ke e 'ngoe ea mehato e sebetsang ea ho fokotsa likotsi tsa ho cheselletsa.
(2) Ntlafatsa maemo a moea sebakeng sa mosebetsi
Mekhoa ea ho kenya moea e ka aroloa ka moea oa tlhaho le moea oa mechine. Ho kenya moea ka mechine ho itšetlehile ka khatello e hlahisoang ke li-fan ho fapanyetsana moea. E na le litlamorao tse ntle tsa ho tlosa lerōle le detoxification. Ka hona, e tlameha ho sebelisoa ha ho tjheseletsa libakeng tse ka hare kapa tse koetsoeng tse nang le moea o fokolang oa tlhaho. Mehato ea ho kenya moea ka mechine.
(3) Matlafatsa mehato ea ho itšireletsa
Ho matlafatsa tšireletso ea botho ho ka thibela kotsi ea likhase tse chefo le lerōle le hlahisoang nakong ea ho cheselletsa. Basebelisi ba tlameha ho sebelisa likhalase tse loketseng tsa tšireletso, lithebe tsa sefahleho, limaske, liatlana, liaparo tse tšoeu tse sireletsang, le lieta tse sirelelitsoeng. Ha baa lokela ho apara liaparo tsa matsoho a makgutshwane kapa matsoho a phuthilweng. Haeba ba sebetsa ka setshelo se koetsoeng se nang le maemo a fokolang a moea, ba tlameha ho apara le liaparo tse sireletsang. Helmete e sireletsang e nang le ts'ebetso ea phepelo ea moea.
(4) Matlafatsa ts'ireletso ea mosebetsi oa phatlalatso le mosebetsi oa thuto
Basebetsi ba li-welding ba lokela ho rutoa ka tsebo e hlokahalang ea polokeho ea mosebetsi le bophelo bo botle ho ntlafatsa tsebo ea bona ea ho itšireletsa le ho fokotsa likotsi tsa mosebetsi. Ka nako e ts'oanang, re lokela ho matlafatsa ho lekola likotsi tsa lerōle libakeng tsa mosebetsi tsa ho cheseletsa le tlhahlobo ea 'mele ea li-welders ho fumana le ho rarolla mathata ka nako.
Nako ea poso: Dec-19-2023
