Ka tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea literene tse lebelo le boima, mohaho oa pina o nkeloa sebaka butle-butle ke mela e se nang moeli e tsoang meleng e tloaelehileng. Ha ho bapisoa le mela e tloaelehileng, mohala o se nang seamless o felisa palo e kholo ea manonyeletso a terene fekthering, ka hona o na le melemo ea ho matha hantle, litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa tlhokomelo ea pina, le bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso. E se e le mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa kaho ea seporo sa lebelo le holimo hajoale. Tsela e se nang moroko ke theknoloji e ncha ea bohlokoa ea seporo sa terene. Mohala o entsoeng ka ho tjheseletsa liporo tsa tšepe tse tloaelehileng hore e be liporo tse telele tsa bolelele bo itseng, ho tjheseletsa le ho beha mela e telele e nang le bolelele bo itseng e bitsoa mohala o se nang moeli. Ho tjheseletsa seporo ke karolo ya bohlokwa ya ho rala mela e se nang seamless.
Hajoale, mekhoa ea tjheseletsa ea likhoele tsa seamless line line haholo-holo e kenyelletsa welding ea seporo, tjheseletsa ea khatello ea khase le welding ea aluminothermic:
01 Ikopanye le mokhoa oa ho tjheseletsa le tshebetso
Ho tjheseletsa seporo (flash welding) hangata ho sebelisoa ho tjheseletsa feme. 95% ea mohala o se nang moeli o phethoa ke ts'ebetso ena, ke hore, seporo se tloaelehileng se bolelele ba limithara tse 25 'me ha ho masoba a kenngoa ka terene e telele ea limithara tse 200-500.
Molao-motheo ke ho sebelisa motlakase ho hlahisa mocheso ka holim'a ho kopana ha seporo ho qhibiliha sefahleho sa ho qetela sa terene, ebe o tlatsa tjheseletsa ka ho ferekanya. Kaha mohloli oa mocheso oa welding oa ho kopana le welding o tsoa mohloling oa mocheso o ka hare oa sesebelisoa, mocheso o tsepamisitsoe, nako ea ho futhumatsa e khuts'oane, ts'ebetso ea welding ha e hloke tšepe ea filler, ts'ebetso ea metallurgic e batla e le bonolo, sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso. e nyane, 'me ho bonolo ho fumana lenonyeletso le cheselitsoeng la boleng bo holimo.
Ts'ebetso ea ho tjheseletsa e amohetsoeng ke fektheri ea tjheseletsa ea seporo e ts'oana, ho kenyelletsa: ho ts'oara seporo, ho lemoha liphoso, ho lokisa sefahleho sa seporo, ho kena seteisheneng ho tjheseletsa, ho tjheseletsa, ho sila ka thata, ho sila hantle, ho otlolla, ho tloaeleha, phoso. ho lemoha, ho kena sethaleng sa terene, ho kenya Ts'ebetso ea welding ke eona ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa har'a mekhoa eohle. Boleng ba welding bo amana ka ho toba le mosebetsi oa ho lokisa line. Haeba ho na le bothata, ho tla beha ts'ireletseho ea ho khanna kotsing maemong a tebileng. Ha ho bapisoa le mekhoa e meng ea ho tjheseletsa seporo, Flash welding e na le boemo bo phahameng ba boiketsetso mme ha e amehe hakaalo ke mabaka a batho. Thepa ea tjheseletsa e na le taolo ea komporo, e nang le liphetoho tse nyane tsa boleng ba tjheseletsa le tlhahiso e phahameng ea welding. Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, ha ho bapisoa le tjheseletsa ea khatello ea khase le thermite welding, matla a ho kopana tjheseletsa seam ea terene e phahame, 'me sekhahla sa ho robeha moleng se ka bang 0.5/10000 kapa ka tlaase ho moo. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho bapisoa le thepa ea motheo, matla a eona a ntse a le tlaase ho feta a lisebelisoa tsa motheo ka mabaka a latelang:
(1) Terene ke thepa e nang le likarolo tse kholo, 'me thepa ea eona ea mantlha e futsanehile, e na le likarolo tse tlaase tsa ho qhibiliha, lithollo tse hlephileng le tse mahoashe. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho cheselletsa le ho halefisa, lisebelisoa tsa bohale li fetisoa, 'me thepa ea mantlha ke E nkeloa sebaka ke katoloso ea ka ntle,' me lisele tsa fibrous li sitisoa ebile li kobehile, 'me ha palo e kholo ea ho ferekanya, boemo bona bo hlakile haholoanyane.
(2) Ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea mocheso oa mocheso o phahameng oa ho cheselletsa, lijo-thollo li mahoashe sebakeng sa 1-2mm ho potoloha weld, 'me lijo-thollo li fokotsehile ho 1-2.
(3) Karolo ea sefapano sa terene ha e lekane, karolo e ka holimo le e ka tlaase ea seporo ke likarolo tse kopanetsoeng, 'me likhutlo tse peli tsa tlase ea seporo ke likarolo tse atolositsoeng. Mocheso oa likhutlo tse peli tsa tlase ea seporo o tlase nakong ea welding. khatello ea mocheso
(4) Ho na le mefokolo eo ho leng thata ho e felisa ka weld - matheba a bohlooho.
02 Khatello ea khase ea welding mokhoa le ts'ebetso
Hajoale, mochini o sebelisoang haholo oa khatello ea khase ea liporo ke mochini o monyane oa tjheseletsa oa khatello ea khase, o sebelisoang haholo ho tjheseletsa manonyeletso a liporo tse telele setšeng, hape o ka sebelisa leseli la leholimo le koetsoeng bakeng sa tjheseletsa ea liporo tse senyehileng.
Molao-motheo ke ho futhumatsa sefahleho se cheselitsoeng sa terene ho boemo ba polasetiki, le ho hlahisa chelete e ferekanyang tlas'a ketso ea matla a tsitsitseng a ferekanyang. Ha chelete e ferekanyang e fihla tekanyong e itseng, seporo se tšeloa ka botlalo.
Mechini e menyenyane ea hona joale ea tjheseletsa ea moea ke tjheseletsa ea lapeng, 'me ts'ebetso ea welding hangata e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e kang oxy-acetylene flame preheating, pre-pressurization, khatello e tlase ea khatello, khatello e phahameng ea khatello, le ho ts'oara le ho sututsa. Hoa hlokahala hore ka letsoho lolakanya rails le ho hlokomela maemo a futhumatsang ka mahlo a hlobotse, kahoo e haholo angoa ke lintlha tsa batho, 'me ho ke ke le tsekamelo ea ho weld lenonyello liphoso le mefokolo lenonyello.
Empa kaha e na le litšobotsi tsa lisebelisoa tse bonolo, boholo bo nyane le boima bo bobebe, ho bonolo ho tsamaea inthaneteng, ntle le marang-rang le sebakeng sa kaho, 'me ts'ebetso e batla e le bonolo, kahoo e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa liporo tse telele sebakeng sa kaho. .
03 Thermite welding mokhoa le tshebetso
Thermite welding e atisa ho sebelisoa ha ho chesetsoa setšeng sa liporo tsa terene, 'me ke mokhoa oa bohlokoahali oa ho rala, haholo-holo bakeng sa ho notlela le ho lokisa liporo tse robehileng. The tjheseletsa aluminothermic ea rails e ipapisitse le kamano e matla ea lik'hemik'hale lipakeng tsa aluminium phallo le oksijene tlas'a maemo a phahameng a mocheso. E fokotsa litšepe tse boima 'me e ntša mocheso ka nako e le' ngoe, e qhibilihisa tšepe e qhibilihisitsoeng bakeng sa ho lahlela le ho cheselletsa.
Mokhoa oa bohlokoa ke ho kenya mocheso o lokiselitsoeng oa thermite ka har'a crucible e khethehileng, ho chesa phallo e nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, ho hlahisa lik'hemik'hale tse matla tsa lik'hemik'hale, le ho fumana tšepe e qhibilihisitsoeng le slag e phahameng ea mocheso. Ka mor'a hore karabelo e kokobele, tšela tšepe e qhibilihisitsoeng ea mocheso o phahameng ka har'a Kokotla litšepe ka har'a hlobo ea lehlabathe e chesitsoeng pele, qhibilihisa lipheletsong tsa litšepe tse tiisitsoeng ka har'a hlobo ea lehlabathe, tlosa hlobo ea lehlabathe ka mor'a ho pholile, 'me u bope litšepe tse cheselitsoeng ka nako. , 'me likarolo tse peli tsa liporo li tšeloa ho ba ntho e le' ngoe. Leha lisebelisoa tsa ho cheselletsa aluminothermic li na le matsete a tlase, ts'ebetso e bonolo ea welding, le boreleli bo botle ba lenonyeletso, seam sa weld ke sebopeho se batlang se le setenya se nang le thata le polasetiki e fokolang. Ho molemo ho etsa kalafo ea mocheso oa post-weld ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lenonyeletso le cheselitsoeng. .
Ka bokhutšoane, boleng ba tjheseletsa ba liporo tse telele bo lokela ho ba betere ha o kopana le welding le khatello ea khase. Matla a ho qetela, matla a tlhahiso le matla a mokhathala a ho kopanya tjheseletsa le khatello ea khase e ka fihla ho feta 90% ea tšepe ea motheo. Boleng ba tjheseletsa aluminothermic e mpe hanyenyane, matla a eona a ho qetela ke hoo e ka bang 70% feela ea tšepe ea motheo, matla a mokhathala a mpefala le ho feta, a fihla ho 45% ho isa ho 70% ea tšepe ea motheo, 'me matla a lihlahisoa a molemo hanyenyane, ao e haufi le ea ho kopanya tjheseletsa.
Nako ea poso: Mar-01-2023
