Tšepe e phahameng ea carbon e bolela tšepe ea carbon e nang le w (C) e phahameng ho feta 0.6%. E na le tšekamelo e kholo ea ho thatafala ho feta tšepe ea carbon e bohareng le ho theha carbon martensite e phahameng, e leng e amehang haholo ho thehoa ha mapetsong a batang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, sebopeho sa martensite se entsoeng sebakeng sa welding se amehileng ke mocheso se thata ebile se brittle, se etsa hore polasetiki le ho tiea ha lenonyeletso li fokotsehe haholo. Ka hona, ho cheseha ha tšepe e nang le carbon e phahameng ho fokola haholo, 'me mekhoa e khethehileng ea ho tjheseletsa e tlameha ho amoheloa ho netefatsa hore lenonyeletso le sebetsa hantle. . Ka hona, hangata ha e sebelisoe ka sewelo meahong e tjheseditsweng. Tšepe e phahameng ea carbon e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa likarolo tsa mochine tse hlokang ho thatafala ho phahameng le ho itoanela, tse kang li-shafts tse potolohang, likere tse kholo le li-couplings [1]. E le ho boloka tšepe le ho nolofatsa theknoloji ea ho sebetsa, likarolo tsena tsa mochine hangata li kopantsoe le mehaho e cheselitsoeng. Ha ho etsoa mochine o boima, mathata a ho tjheseletsa a likarolo tse phahameng tsa carbon steel a boetse a kopana. Ha ho etsoa ts'ebetso ea ho tjheseletsa bakeng sa litšepe tse phahameng tsa carbon steel, mefokolo e fapaneng e ka bang teng ea welding e lokela ho hlahlobisisoa ka botlalo le mehato e tsamaellanang ea ts'ebetso ea welding e lokela ho nkuoa.
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1 Weldability ea tšepe e phahameng ea carbon
1.1 Mokhoa oa ho cheselletsa
Litšepe tse phahameng tsa carbon li sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa mehaho e nang le boima bo phahameng le ho hanyetsa ho feteletseng, kahoo mekhoa e meholo ea ho tjheseletsa ke electrode arc welding, brazing le submerged arc welding.
1.2 Lisebelisoa tsa ho cheselletsa
High carbon steel welding ka kakaretso ha e hloke matla a lekanang pakeng tsa lenonyeletso le tshepe ya motheo. Ha arc welding, li-electrode tse tlase tsa haedrojene tse nang le bokhoni bo matla ba ho tlosa sebabole, dikahare tse tlase tsa haedrojene tse kentsoeng ka har'a tšepe e kentsoeng, le boima bo botle hangata li sebelisoa. Ha matla a tšepe ea weld le tšepe ea motheo e hlokahalang ho lekana, ho lokela ho khethoa molamu o tlaase oa hydrogen welding oa sehlopha se lumellanang; ha matla a tšepe ea weld le tšepe ea motheo e sa hlokehe, ho lokela ho khethoa molamu o tlaase oa hydrogen o nang le matla a tlaase ho feta a tšepe ea motheo. Hopola lithupa tsa Welding tse nang le matla a phahameng ho feta tšepe ea motheo e ke keng ea khethoa. Haeba tšepe ea motheo e sa lumelloe ho chesoa pele nakong ea ho tjheseletsa, e le ho thibela mapetsong a batang sebakeng se amehileng ke mocheso, li-electrode tsa tšepe tse sa hloekang tsa austenitic li ka sebelisoa ho fumana mohaho oa austenitic o nang le polasetiki e ntle le ho hanyetsa ho phatloha ho matla.
1.3 Boitokisetso ba bevel
E le ho fokotsa karolo e kholo ea khabone ka tšepe ea weld, karolelano ea fusion e lokela ho fokotsoa, ka hona, li-grooves tse bōpehileng joaloka U kapa V li sebelisoa hangata nakong ea ho cheselletsa, 'me ho lokela ho lebisoa tlhokomelo ho hloekisa groove le matheba a oli. mafome, joalo-joalo ka hare ho 20mm ka mahlakoreng a mabeli a groove.
1.4 Ho futhumatsa pele
Ha tjheseletsa ka li-electrode tsa tšepe tsa sebopeho, e tlameha ho besoa pele ho tjheseletsa, 'me mocheso oa preheating o laoloa pakeng tsa 250 ° C le 350 ° C.
1.5 Ts'ebetso ea Interlayer
Ha welding multiple layers le multiple passing, e nyenyane-diameter eleketrode le tlaase hona joale sebelisoa bakeng sa ho feta pele. Ka kakaretso, workpiece e behoa ka tjheseletsa seka-thepameng kapa tjheseletsa molamu o sebelisoa ho sokela ka thōko, e le hore kaofela botlaaseng tšepe mocheso anngoeng libaka e halefile ka nako e khutšoanyane ho fumana preheating le ho boloka mocheso liphello.
1.6 Kalafo ea mocheso ka mor'a weld
Hang ka mor'a ho tjheseletsa, sesebedisoa se bewa ka seboping sa ho futhumatsa mme se bolokwe ho 650°C bakeng sa ho kokobetsa kgatello ya maikutlo [3].
2 Litšitiso tsa welding tsa tšepe e phahameng ea carbon le mehato ea thibelo
Hobane tšepe e phahameng ea carbon e na le tšekamelo e matla ea ho thatafala, mapetsong a chesang le mapetsong a batang a atisa ho etsahala nakong ea ho cheselletsa.
2.1 Mehato e thibelang mapetsong a mocheso
1) Laola sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale tsa weld, laola ka thata sebabole le phosphorus dikahare, 'me ka nepo eketsa dikahare tsa manganese ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa weld le ho fokotsa karohano.
2) Laola sebopeho sa cross-sectional sa weld 'me u etse hore bophara ba bophara bo tebileng bo be kholoanyane ho qoba ho arohana bohareng ba weld.
3) Bakeng sa li-welds tse thata, litekanyo tse loketseng tsa welding, tatellano e nepahetseng ea welding le tataiso li lokela ho khethoa.
4) Haeba ho hlokahala, nka mehato ea ho futhumatsa pele le ho lieha ho pholile ho thibela ho hlaha ha mapetsong a mocheso.
5) Eketsa alkalinity ea molamu oa welding kapa flux ho fokotsa litaba tse sa hloekang ka har'a weld le ho ntlafatsa tekanyo ea khethollo.
2.2 Mehato ea ho thibela mapetsong a batang[4]
1) Ho futhumatsa pele ho tjheseletsa le ho pholile butle ka mor'a ho cheselletsa ho ke ke ha fokotsa feela ho thatafala le brittleness ea sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso, empa hape ho potlakisa ho ata ha haedrojene ka ntle ho weld.
2) Khetha mehato e loketseng ea ho tjheseletsa.
3) Amohela tatellano e nepahetseng ea kopano le welding ho fokotsa khatello ea khatello ea lenonyeletso le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba khatello ea weld.
4) Khetha lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa tjheseletsa, omisa li-electrode le flux pele u tjheseletsa, 'me u li boloke li loketse ho sebelisoa.
5) Pele ho tjheseletsa, metsi, mafome le litšila tse ling holim'a tšepe ea motheo e pota-potileng groove e lokela ho tlosoa ka hloko ho fokotsa dikahare tsa hydrogen diffusible ka weld.
6) Phekolo ea Dehydrogenation e lokela ho etsoa hang-hang pele ho cheselletsa ho lumella haedrojene hore e balehe ka ho feletseng ho tsoa lenonyeletsong le cheselitsoeng.
7) Phekolo ea ho imolla khatello ea kelello e lokela ho etsoa hang ka mor'a ho cheselletsa ho ntšetsa pele phallo e ka ntle ea hydrogen ka har'a weld.
3 Qetello
Ka lebaka la khabone e phahameng, ho thatafala ho phahameng le ho fokola ha tšepe ea tšepe e phahameng ea carbon, ho bonolo ho hlahisa sebopeho se phahameng sa carbon martensite le mapetsong a tjheseletsa nakong ea ho tjheseletsa. Ka hona, ha ho cheselletsa tšepe e phahameng ea carbon, mokhoa oa ho tjheseletsa o tlameha ho khethoa ka mokhoa o utloahalang. 'Me u nke mehato e tsamaisanang ka nako e loketseng ho fokotsa ho hlaha ha mapetsong a welding le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea manonyeletso a cheselitsoeng.
Nako ea poso: May-27-2024
